Sophie and Paul met for the first time at a state dinner given in honor of his arrival in Berlin. They were forced to live in isolation at Gatchina Palace, where they had many children together. After meeting a deaf boy, Maria established the first Russian school for the deaf in 1807[12] and supported the career of the blind musician Charlotta Seuerling, whose mother she saved from ruin. By 1826, the mortality rate was reduced to 15% per annum,[9] a figure outrageous by modern standards but a great improvement on the 18th century. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Three years later, Paul was assassinated by military and court figures who did not like either his pro-French foreign policy or his increasingly erratic behavior at home. Even past age 50, Maria Feodorovna retained traces of her youthful freshness. Paul was as happy with the young princess as she was with him and wrote to his mother that: "I found my intended to be such as I could have dreamed of. She was brought up in a close-knit and happy family living in the town of Montbéliard close to the French frontier. https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/sophia-dorothea-wurttemberg-1759-1828, "Sophia Dorothea of Wurttemberg (1759–1828) Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. However, the relationship between the two women quickly turned sour: Maria Feodorovna sided with her neglected husband in the family's acrimony and despite her good intentions to ease the difficult situation, meddling only aggravated their differences. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. As a result of this policy, the new facilities housed up to 8,000 residents of all ranks in the 1820s. As Paul's long-suffering wife, Sophia Dorothea had been conventional, cheerful, a bountiful mother and respectful spouse who conspicuously avoided the intrigues of Catherine's court. [7] She was influential in the early education of her grandson, the future Alexander II. The intense liaison was particularly painful for Maria, as the other woman had been her friend. Burch, Susan, "Transcending Revolutions: The Tsars, the Soviets and Deaf Culture" p. 394. Soon after arriving at St Petersburg, she converted to the Russian Orthodox Church, took the name "Maria Feodorovna," and was granted the title Grand Duchess of Russia, with the style Imperial Highness. "Sophia Dorothea of Wurttemberg (1759–1828) By the age of 16, she was well-versed in mathematics and architecture, as well as fluent in German, French, Italian and Latin. After Maria gave birth to her tenth and last child in 1798, Paul became infatuated with 19-years-old Anna Lopukhina and lied his wife that the relationship was of a paternal nature. She pressured Alexander to make sure none of Paul's murderers held important positions in his government. 1732), duke of Wurttemberg (r. 1795–1797), and Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg (1736–1798); educated at home; married Paul I (1754–1801), tsar of Russia (r. 1796–1801, who was the son of Catherine II the Great), on September 26 (o.s.) Tired of being excluded in political affairs, Paul and Maria asked Catherine II for permission to travel abroad to Western Europe. After twenty years in the shadows, the death of Catherine II in 1796 allowed Maria Feodorovna to have a prominent role as Empress consort. She demanded the respect she was never accorded by her mother-in-law to the point of insisting that she, and not Alexander's wife Elizabeth of Baden , should be the first lady of Russia. In the fall of 1776, just before her 17th birthday, Sophia Dorothea of Wurttemberg, the daughter of the Prussian ruler of the German duchy of Württemberg, married Paul Petrovich (later Paul I), the only son of Catherine II the Great of Russia. Paul I (Russia) (1754–1801; Ruled 1796–1801) Sophia, who knew nothing of the plot and briefly tried to succeed her husband, became the dowager empress when her eldest son ascended to the throne as Alexander I. [10] Her elegant receptions, where she appeared sumptuously dressed and was surrounded by chamberlains, were in sharp contrast with the simple court life of Alexander I, whose retiring ways and the withdrawn personality of his wife were no match for the Dowager Empress' old splendor in the style of the time of Catherine the Great. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. The future of her daughters and the education of her younger sons kept Maria's attention occupied during the first years of her widowhood. Sophie Dorothée de Wurtemberg-Neuenstadt (* 26 septembre 1658 à Wolfenbüttel; † 23 juillet 1681 à Gedern) était une fille du duc Frédéric de Wurtemberg-Neuenstadt de la Ligne de Wurtemberg-Neuenstadt et par mariage avec le comte Louis-Christian de Stolberg-Gedern à partir de 1680 également comtesse de Stolberg-Gedern. [11] In the Orphanage, there were high-level educational programs along the lines of the "Latin classes for boys and the "midwife classes for girls". Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Elle n'a pas eu d'enfants. If it lacked the sexual impropriety of Catherine's court, it also had none of the intellectual brilliance and cultural glitter of her predecessor's. Her efforts would produce some of the most beautiful estates in all of Russia. She wrote to a friend: "My dear husband is a perfect angel and I love him to distraction. Elle mourut en 1681, à l'âge de 22 ans et a été entrée dans l'Église de Gedern. . Oxford: Clarendon, 1992. During the long reign of her mother-in-law, she sided with her husband and lost the initial affection the reigning Empress had for her. Sophia Dorothea of Wurttemberg played a more important political role in the first quarter of the 19th century than she had in the last 25 years of the 18th. McGrew, Roderick. Just three months later, Catherine II took the newborn to raise him without interference from the parents. Her memory was revered by her children, who named their eldest daughters in her honour except for Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna. Paul was Emperor for exactly four years, four months, and four days. modifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata. Paris made a special impression on the couple, who visited King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. Deprived of her sons, Maria occupied herself by decorating Pavlovsk Palace, Catherine's gift to celebrate the birth of her first grandson. Sophie Marie Dorothea Auguste Luise was born on 25 October 1759 in Stettin, Kingdom of Prussia (now Poland). At the age of 16, Sophia Dorothea became tall, buxom and rosy-cheeked with a sunny disposition, although extremely shortsighted and inclined to be stout. While their intense relationship was platonic, it hurt Sophia and weakened her marriage. . For Maria Feodorovna, the wife of Tsar Alexander III, see, Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg). The palaces of Pavlovsk, Gatchina, Tsarskoe Selo, the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg and The Hermitage were remodelled and furnished under her personal guidance. or October 7, 1776; children: Alexander I (1777–1825), tsar of Russia; Constantine (1779–1831, who married Anna Juliana of Saxe-Coburg ); Alexandra Pavlovna (1783–1801); Helena Pavlovna (1784–1803, who married Frederick Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin); Marie Pavlovna (1786–1859, who married Charles Frederick, duke of Saxe-Weimar); Olga (1792–1795); Catherine of Russia (1788–1819, who married William I of Württemberg); Anna Pavlovna (1795–1865, who married William II, king of the Netherlands); Nicholas I(1796–1855), tsar of Russia (r. 1825–1855); Michael (1798–1849), grand duke. Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg, or Maria Feodorovna as she would be known as Grand Duchess and later Empress of Russia 1, was born on 25 October 1759 as the fourth of twelve children of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Frederica of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Maria Fedorovna and Paul began remodelling Pavlovsk. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). [18] She had total control over the future Nicholas I and Grand Duke Michael. Of a robust constitution, she outlived five of her ten children, including her eldest son and his wife and seeing the ascension to the throne of her third son, Nicholas I. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. His obsessive behavior and uncontrollable temper led many contemporaries and historians to question his mental stability. ", This page was last edited on 23 October 2020, at 10:53. (1777–1825), emperor of Russia from 1801–1825, son of Emperor Paul I and Maria Fyodorovna, grandson of Empress Catherine the Great. Sophia Dorothea was born in 1759 in Stettin, Pomerania, the daughter of Frederick II Eugene, duke of Wurttemberg, and Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg. Among the teachers were Sergey Solovyov, Alexander Vostokov, Vasily Klyuchevsky, Nicholas Benois, and Vasily Vereshchagin.